As you read Deuteronomy you can't help thinking that God is calling for both absolute unity and uniformity in worship. The people are to come to the place God will choose for their sacrifices rather than any old high place. They are to interact with the Levitical priests who will perform the key worship elements on their behalf. It is all to be tightly regulated.
Compared to the time in which we now live, this seems rather strange. Jesus commissioned his disciples (us) to scatter outwards, leading people to Jesus (and thus worship) wherever they went. Movement organisations flourish when disciples make disciples wherever they are, birthing diverse networks of micro-churches that have different expressions, a multitude of practices, and probably variations in their precise theologies.
Has God somehow changed between the time of Deuteronomy and the time of Jesus onwards? Has He changed His mind, or come up with a fresh plan B? How do we reconcile what appears to be exact opposites?
Of course Deuteronomy is concerned with the formation of the people Israel, whereas with Jesus it is the global Kingdom. The first might be characterised by law, whereas the second is characterised by grace ... but these understandings, though valid, still leave us with questions about the nature of God then compared to now.
It seems to me a key difference that helps explain is the giving of the Spirit. Back in the time of Deuteronomy the Spirit was active, but seemed to be on specific people (and perhaps also for specific purposes). The cosmic disruption of Jesus opened the way for the liberal outpouring of the Spirit. That outpouring enables a multitude of individual believers to know directly what God requires (see Jeremiah 31:31 - 34).
Without the outpouring of the Spirit a high degree of human-system-control is required - keeping everyone on track, avoiding wandering off back into false belief. The restrictions of one central place, Levitical procedures etc. effect all this. With the outpouring of the Spirit a wide variety of individuals (and small groups) can be led and remain in the Godly (Jesus) Way without requiring such systems ... if people grow in direct obedience to Jesus, i.e. to the leading of the out-poured Spirit. A variety and diversity is now possible, because the unity lies in obedience to Christ.
In such conditions the need for law evaporates, since Godly order is now being restored (akin to before the Fall). Grace was always there at the beginning, but Law was temporarily necessary for such a large social system (i.e. a nation of people). Now with the Spirit, the social system can multiply and diversify infinitely as long as unity of the Spirit is maintained, i.e. people living in obedience and operating in the work of the Spirit.
God did not change through any of this. He remains the same yesterday, today and for ever. The era has changed (pre- Spirit pouring / Spirit now liberally flowing). The event of Jesus made the change of era possible.
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